ABSTRACT
This study explored the Impact of School Program on Senior High School students of Nasugbu East Senior High School, Brgy. Lumbangan, Nasugbu, Batangas. Phenomenological research method was employed in the study which involved five (5) grade 11 students were the participants of the study selected through Convenience Method.
Participants revealed that school program supports support students through giving opportunities, developing communication skills, confidence and direction to achieve dreams. They also stated that the benefits challenges encountered on School Program are cooperation, interactivity and knowledge while the challenges are lack of funds, load of works, hindrance and lack of unity. In Addition, they also stated that the influence of school program in their social and personal development are self-confidence, self-improvement, self-learning while in social development are development of being a good citizen, being respectful individuals, and being good communicators.
Moreover, researchers recommended that teachers should implement more educational programs to help every student to showcase their skills and talents. Students should be engaged with a lot of programs to improve their knowledge, gain a lot of friends, meet other people and should prepare a lot of budget before doing a program so that the programs that they facilitate will become effective to every student. They should also encourage to join the programs to help them improve their self and enhance knowledge through their experience in the program. In addition, the teachers, and students interact and cooperate in different programs to enhance communication skills and to be a respectful and good citizen in the near future.
Keywords: School Program, Challenges encountered, Senior High School
INTRODUCTION
Based on the data given by UNESCO (2011), a well-planned series of educational activities intended to fulfill pre-established learning goals or a particular set of duties oven an extended period of time is called a school program. A school is a knowledge filled institution or area. Every learner gain knowledge and skills there. Every school uses its own set of activities to help its students learn, grow, and engage with their specific abilities. In addition, Ocampo and Ducanes (2020) continues to argue that youth’s long term, consistent involvement in school improves the pool of skills and abilities that exist within an economy. Furthermore, research has shown that it is reliable indicator of people’s well-being as well as that of states or nation. Youth involvement in education is therefore crucial to enhancing young people’s opportunities.
Moreover, a study project involving secondary schools in Tasmania and South Austria looks at the idea of secondary school as learning organization. According to the authors, learning organizations are educational institution that; use environmental scanning procedures; create shared objectives; create cooperative teaching and learning environments; support initiative and risk-taking; routinely assess all factors pertaining to and impacting the schools’ operations; acknowledge and reward excellence; and offer chances for ongoing professional development, Silins et.al (1998).
METHODOLOGY
This chapter represents the methods of research used. It also includes the research design, locale and participants of the study, research instrument, construction and validation of instruments, ethical considerations, data gathering procedures, and data analysis.
Research Design
This study used Qualitative Approach using phenomenological research design. This type of approach aims to study the phenomenon or experiences of people. Also, it gives idea on how individuals or a group of people react or experience a certain phenomenon. In this study, the researchers want to explore impact of school programs among senior high school students.
Locale of the Study
The study was conducted in Nasugbu East Senior High School located at Brgy. Lumbangan, Nasugbu, Batangas. It was founded in the year 2016. The school was headed by Principal II, with forty-three (43) teachers and eight (8) non-teaching staff. It has a total population of one thousand two hundred seventy-eight (1278) enrolled students comprises grade 11 and 12 this School Year 2023-2024. The school offers academic which includes Accountancy and Business Management (ABM) strand, Humanities and Social Science (HUMSS) strand, Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) strand, Technical Vocational and Livelihood Track (TVL).
Respondents of the Study
Using Convenience Sampling, the researchers selected five (5) participants that are convenient to be part of study.
In this technique, the researchers saved time and effort in looking for participants who will participate in the study. The participants were the Senior High School students in Nasugbu East Senior High School who were between 16-18 years old and lived in the Nasugbu, Batangas and Tuy, Batangas.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSIONS
This chapter presents the data gathered analysis and interpretation to answer the problem which this study aims to achieve.
EFFECTIVENESS OF SCHOOL PROGRAM IN SUPPORTING STUDENT’S ACADEMIC GROWTH AND ACHIEVEMENT
TABLE 1: Impact of School Program to senior high school students
| R1 | “Oo, naniniwala ako na may malaking epekto ang ma programa sa mga estudyante ng Senior High. Dahil sa mga programa maraming natutunan ang mga estudyante hindi lamang sa academics pati na rin sa mga sarili nating buhay.Nagbibigyan din tayo nito ng ibat-ibang opotunidad at mga bagay para maabot natin ang ating mga pangarap sa buhay.” {Yes, I believe that program have a huge impact on Senior High School students. The program allows students to learn a lot not only in academics but also in our own lives. It also gives us opportunities to achieve our dreams.” |
| R2 | “Oo dahil ito ay nagtatakda ng mga kaalaman at kasanayan para sa kanilang hinaharap at pagpapalawak ng kanilang pananaw at pag unawa sa mundo at pagkakaroon ng kasanayan sa trabaho.” {Yes, because it’s sets out the knowledge and skills for what they face expanding their perspective and understanding of the word and developing work skills.” |
| R3 | “Naniniwala ako dahil sa tuwing may mga event or program sa paaralan nagkakaroon ng interaksiyon ang mga estudyante na kung saan naiimprove nito ang communication skills ng mga estudyante.” {I believe that everytime there are event or program in the school,student have interaction that improve the communication skills of each student.” |
| R4 | “Oo, dahil para mailabas ang kanilang skills sa isang bagay o iba pa. “ {Yes, it is because they are able to showcase their skillin one thing or another.} |
| R5 | “Oo, naniniwala ako na Malaki ang epeko ng mga programa sa paaralan para sa mga estudyante ng Senior High School. Bilang isang mag-aaral, ang programang isasagawa ay tiyak na makakatulong ito, dahil ito ay makapagbibigay ng maraming patnubay sa pagkamit ng ating pangarap.” {Yes, I believe school program have a huge impact for Senior High School student. As a student, the program to be implemented to be certainly be a great help, because it can provide a lot of guidance and achieve our dreams.} |
Interpretation of Table 1:
All the respondents’ responses are about opportunities, developing skills, communication skills, confidence and direction to achieve dreams. Table 1 shows the impact of school program in the Senior High School students. Two (2) directly stated that the impact of school program helps them achieve their dreams and the three (3) said about opportunities, developing skills, communication skills, and confidence. School program allows them to learn and give them opportunities and it also provide a lot of guidance in achieving their dreams. It helps them to develop their skills by joining program and communication skills by interacting and meeting other people.
This statement was related to the study of Kilag et. al (2023) which stated that faculty members who believe that teacher education programs are effective at creating lifetime learning competency frequently cite the utilization of hands-on, practical experiences, the inclusion of technology, and chances for professional growth as significant factors in their success.
BENEFITS AND CHALLENGES OF SCHOOL PROGRAM
TABLE 2: Benefits of School Program
| R1 | “Oo, nakikinabang tayo sa mga programa ng paaralan, ang mga programa sa paaralan ay ginagawa para din sa mga estudyante kailangan lang ng partisipasyon ng bawat isa para maisakatuparan ito.” {Yes, we benefit from school program, school program is done for student just need each other participation to make it happen.} |
| R2 | “Oo, naniniwala ako na nakikinabang ako bilanfg estudyante sa programa ng paaralan. Dahil nakakakuha ako ng mahalagang kaalaman at kasanayan na magagamit ko balang araw at dahil nabibigyan ako ng pagkakataon na makakilala ng bagong tao at kaibigan.” {Yes, I believe I benefit as a student. Because I gain valuable knowledge and skills that I can use one day and as a result I am given the opportunity to meet new people and friend.” |
| R3 | “Yes, nakikinabang ako kasi hindi lang siya basta event may mga program na nagbibigay din ng aral sa akin at ibang student sa school na magagamit naming sa future.” {Yes, I’m not just a student of the same school, but I’m also a student of the same school that I and other students are also learning.} |
| R4 | “Oo para maalam ka sa gaganapin na Gawain o bagay.” {Yes, because you know what to do or what to do.” |
| R5 | “Oo, maaari tayong makinabang sa mga programa sa paaralan dahil ito ay nilikha lamang para sa mga mag-aaral na handa matuto.” {Yes, we can benefit from school program, because they are created only for students who are willing to learn.} |
Interpretation of Table 2:
All the respondents’ responses are about cooperation, interactivity and knowledge. Table 2 shows the benefits of school program to all Senior High School student in Nasugbu East Senior High School. Three (3) directly stated that knowledge is one of the benefits of school program to every student and the two (2) said about cooperation and interactivity. School program needs cooperation of all the student’s interactivity to influence and work together.
This statement was related to the study of Abdurrahman et al. (2021) which stated that by providing group guidance services with the material that improves student learning and fosters cooperation with peers, teachers can help students study more cooperatively. In order to help students, collaborate effectively while learning, researchers not only offer content but also a variety of activities that foster closeness among group members.
TABLE 3: Challenges of School Program
| R1 | ” Una na dito ang pagkukulang sa funds ng paaralan at kulang sa suporta kaya minsan ay hindi nagagawa ang ibang programa.” {The first is the lack of funding and lack of support so sometimes other programs are not done.} |
| R2 | “Bilang estudyante, ilan sa mga hamon ng programa sa paaralan ay kakulangan sa kagamitan, stress at pressure dahil sa mga gagawin.” {As a student, some of the challenges of the school program are lack of equipment, stress and pressure due to the task.} |
| R3 | “Para sa akin ung magiging hamon ito is ung mga araw na dapat nasa loob ka ng silid aralan para matuto kaso andoon ka sa labas para magparticipate sa mga seminar.” {I think the challenges is that you have to be in the classroom to learn the case and you have outside to participate in seminars.} |
| R4 | “Para mailabas nila ang kanilang talento.” {So that they can unleashed their talent.} |
| R5 | “Sa tingin ko, ang mga hamong posibleng kaharapin sa paggawa ng program sa paaralan upang maisakatuparan ito ay ang kakulangan ng pagkakaisa at partisipasyon ng ibang mag-aaral.” {I think the challenges that can be face in developing a school program to achieve is are the lack of unity and participation of other students.} |
Interpretation of Table 3:
All the respondent’s responses are about lack of funds, load of works, hindrance and lack of unity. Table 3 shows the challenges of school program to all Senior High School students in Nasugbu East Senior High School. Three (3) directly stated that lack of funds and lack of unity can affect them by joining the program and the two (2) said about that it can be a hindrance to their lessons and leave them a lot of works. There are so many challenges of school program due to lack of funds and unity that is why the program become ineffective to every student. It can also be a hindrance to every student in doing their activities so that some of the students have loads of work.
This statement was related to the stud of Robinson (2013) which satedthat there was tremendous struggle between those who believed that after school programs should focus on skill development by providing more time on task and those who stressed the need to provide an atmosphere for growth and adult contact for children who are home alone.
INFLUENCE OF SCHOOL PROGRAM
TABLE 4: Influence of School Program in their Personal Development
| R1 | “Ang programa sa paaralan ay makakatulong sa personal nap ag-unlad sa pammagitan ng pagbibigay ng mga bagong kaalaman, pati na rin ng mga pagkakataon para sa pagpapalakas ng tiwala sa sarili at pagkakaroon ng mga bagong kaibigan at interests. {The school program can help with personal growth by providing new insights, as well as opportunities for boosting self-confidence and making new friends and interests. |
| R2 | “Ang programa sa paaralan ay maaaring makaimpluwensya sa iyo ng personal nap ag-unlad sa pamamagitan ng pagbibigay ng mga oportunidad para sa pagkatutuo at pagpapalawak ng kaalaman at kasaayan at ang mga guro at kapwa mag-aaral ay maaring insprirasyon at gabay sa iyong personal na pag-unlad sa pamamagitan ng kanilang mga karanasan at kaalaman.” {The school program can influence your personal development by providing opportunities for learning and expanding your knowledge and skills and fellow students can be an inspiration and guide to your personal growth through their experiences and knowledge} |
| R3 | “Makakaimpluwensya ito sa pamamagitan ng page educate na kung saan uunlad ung knowledge ko sa bagay- bagay.” {This will help me to develop my knowledge of the subject.} |
| R4 | “Para malaman din ng mga estudyante kung paano umunlad.” {Students to learn how to grow.} |
| R5 | “Ang mga programa sa paaralan ay maaaring makaimpluwensya sa aking personal nap ag-unlad sapagkat, bilang mag-aaral na introvert sa tingin ko ang mga programang ito ay nakakapagpataas ng aking sariling confidence dahil ditto sa pamamagitan ng programang ito magkakaroon ako ng mga bagong kaibigan.” {School programs can influence my personal development because as an introvert student, I think these programs can increase my own confidence. Through this progams, I will make new friends.} |
Interpretation of Table 4:
All the respondent’s responses are about self-confidence, self-improvement, experience and enhance knowledge. Table 4 shows the influence of school program in their personal development. Two (2) directly state that school program influences their personal development by boosting their self-confidence through the experience and the three (3) state about self-improvement and enhancing knowledge. Through school program, students gain knowledge that influence their personal development. On the other hand, it also improves their self through the knowledge and experience from school programs.
This statement was related to the study of Shek (2013) which stated that there is a need to reconsider how institutions might foster the comprehensive and balanced development of their pupils. According to the positive youth development approach, promoting psychosocial competencies and positive mental health attributes like resilience, emotional competence, self-understanding, and interpersonal skills is an important strategy to facilitate holistic development of university students in Hong Kong.
TABLE 5: Influence of School Program in their Social Development
| R1 | “Ang programa sa paaralan ay makakatulong sa iyong pag-unlad sa lipunan sa pamammagitan ng pagtuturo ng mahalaga at kasanayan na makakatulong sa iyo na maging mabuting mamamayan at magbigay ng tulong sa iba.” {The school program can help your social development by teaching values and skills that will help you become a good citizen and help others.} |
| R2 | “Ang programa na paaralan ay maaaring makaimpluwensya sa iyong pag-unlad sa lipunan sa pamamagitan ng pagtuturo ng mahahalaga tulad ng respeto at paglilingkod sa kapwa. Ito rin ay maaaring magbigay ng oportunidad para sa pagpapaunlad ng mga kakayahan at kaalaman, tulad ng marespeto at pagging irresponsableng tao.” {The school program can influence your social development by teaching values such as respect and service to others. It can also provide opportunities for the development of skills and knowledge such as being respectful and being respectable person.} |
| R3 | “Mas mapapadali sa akin tumulong sa lipunan dahil sa mga natututunan ko sa mga programa sa paaralan.” {It is easier for me to help in my community because of what I have learned in those programs in our school.} |
| R4 | “Para maipakita rin natin ang ating talent sa mga programang ito at malaking impluwensya sa pag-unlad ng lipunan.” {We also want to showcase our talent in these programs and have huge influence on the development of society.} |
| R5 | “Ang mga programa sa paaralan ay maaring makaimpluwensya sa aking panlipunan pag-unlad upang magkaroon ng malusog at mabuting komunikasyon sa aking kapwa mag-aaral maging sa mga guro.” {School programs can influence my social development to have good and healthy communication with my fellow students even teachers.} |
Interpretation of Table 5
All the respondent’s responses are about development of being a good citizen, being respectful, boost self-confidence and improving communication skills. Table 5 shows the influence of school program in their social development. Two (2) directly state that school program influences their social development so that they can be a good citizen and be more respectful to other people especially in their communities and the three (3) tell about boosting self-confidence and improving their communication skills. School program boost their self-confidence because of the activity they are engage with, and also, it influences their communication skills by interacting and meeting other people.
This statement was related to the study of Mahmoudi et.al (2012) which stated that the belief that educational experiences develop a less materialistic and more spiritual worldview combined with more dynamic and comprehensive perspectives of reality is the major characteristic of this diverse and inclusive approach. Additionally, it suggests that education foster a more harmonious growth of the individual and strengthen the bonds between their many elements (intellectual, physical, spiritual, emotional, social, and artistic.
CONCLUSIONS
Based on the findings of the study, the following conclusions were drawn.
1. Most of the participants’ answers on effectiveness of school program are opportunities, developing communication skills, confidence and direction to achieve dreams.
2. Most of the participants’ answers on benefits of extracurricular activities and enrichment programs are cooperation, interactivity and knowledge while the challenges are lack of funds, load of works, hindrance and lack of unity.
3. Most of the participants’ answers on influence of school program on student’s personal development are self-confidence, self-improvement, self-learning while in social development are development of being a good citizen, being respectful individuals, and being good communicators.
RECOMMENDATIONS
From the preceding findings and conclusions, the following recommendations are offered by the researchers:
1. Teachers should implement more educational programs to help every student to showcase their skills and talents.
2. Students should be engaged with a lot of programs to improve their knowledge, gain a lot of friends, meet other people and should prepare a lot of budget before doing a program so that the programs that they facilitate will become effective to every student.
3. Every student should encourage to join the programs to help them improve their self and enhance knowledge through their experience in the program. Also, the teachers, and students interact and cooperate in different programs to enhance communication skills and to be a respectful and good citizen in the near future.
KEYWORDS
These are the conceptual and operational definitions of the following words and phrases use in this study for clearer understanding of the research:
LEARNING ENVIRONMENT. A collaborative learning environment was created to help students work together in groups. To encourage cooperation, friendship-based instructional support tools and meaningful learning assignments were used (Wang 2009). In this research, learning environment refers to a place where students can be able to study. It is an educational institution or school.
CONSISTENT INVOLVEMENT. Using a mean structured, multiple-group, multivariate analysis of covariance, we discover that higher program participation has a favorable main impact on ad attitudes, brand attitudes, and purchase intent (Feltham,T.and Arnold, S. 1994). Consistent involvement in school programs is vital as it fosters academic success, skill development, college and career readiness, and community engagement. It helps students develop essential skills, build social connections, explore interests, prepare for future endeavors, and contribute positively to their communities.
LEARNING ORGANIZATION. Learning organizations benefit substantially from systems that transmit learning from one individual to the group (Mills, D. and Friesen, B. 1992). In this research, learning organization refers to a group that facilitates the learnings of each members.
PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT. Professional development is the sole technique available to school systems for improving the performance of educators. Professional development is the only way instructors can learn to improve their performance and boost student accomplishment (Hayes 2010). This refers on how professionals develop their skills in a particular activity.
COOPERATIVE TEACHING. Cooperative learning is described as a collection of techniques that enable individuals to collaborate in order to achieve a certain objective or create an end result that is typically content-specific. It is more directive than a collaborative governance approach, with the instructor exercising strict control. While there are several ways for group analysis and reflection, the primary strategy is teacher-centered, whereas collaborative learning is more student-centered (Panitz, 1999). Each instructor can apply cooperative teaching or unity to create activities that engage and improve each student's skills.
RECREATIONAL DEVELOPMENT. It aims to ensure the development of public facilities and recreational in this country has implemented in a comprehensive, coordinated, and integrated manner (Johari et.al, 2021). This means that any outdoor activities undertaken for the purpose of exercise, relaxation or pleasure, including practice or instruction in any such activity.
SCHOOL PROGRAM. This refers to a well-planned series of educational activities intended to fulfill pre-establishd learning goals or a particular set of duties oven an extended period of time is called a school program (UNESCO,2011). This refers to all of the activities that every school implement so that the students can engage and develop their skills.
MOUNTING. Mounting describes the procedures and techniques used to secure optical components such as lenses, mirrors, prisms, and filters within optical equipment (Yoder 2008). In this study the word "mounting" is refers to the increasing accumulation or growth of evidence indicating the importance or significance of a particular phenomenon or issue.
SCHOOL OPERATIONS. The school operations staff is often in charge of an enormous number of non-instructional responsibilities, including but not limited to school financing and student transitions (Smith,2019). This refers to the activities that the school operates particularly the school program.
FEDERAL GOVERNMENT. Most of what the federal government was responsible for and spent money on was done by itself through its own staff and facilities (Mosher, F. 1980). In this research, Federal Government is the one who invested a lot of money in after-school programs.